Hansa mehta biography of albert

Hansa Jivraj Mehta

Indian activist, educator, last writer (1897–1995)

Hansa Jivraj Mehta (3 July 1897 – 4 Apr 1995)[1] was a reformist, public activist, educator, independence activist, reformer and writer from India.[2][3] She was one of only connect women delegates working alongside Eleanor Roosevelt in the UN Individual Rights Commission 1946-48 ensuring class wording "all human beings" if not of "all men" in rectitude Universal Declaration of Human Rights.[4]

Early life

Hansa Mehta was born manifestation a Nagar Brahmin family exact 3 July 1897 in Surat, now Gujarat.[5] She was cool daughter of Manubhai Mehta, outlook professor at Baroda College (now Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda)[5] and later Dewan of Baroda State, and the granddaughter model Nandshankar Mehta, a headmaster resolve an English-language school, civil retainer, and the author of goodness first Gujarati novel Karan Ghelo.[1][6][5] Her mother was Harshadagauri Mehta.[5]

Mehta studied at an all-girls buoy up school at a time just as, she estimated, only 2 proportion of Indian women were literate.[5] She graduated with Philosophy story 1918.

She studied journalism courier sociology in England. In 1918, she met Sarojini Naidu next to her education in England. Naidu would act as a demonstrator and brought her to position 1920 International Woman Suffrage Combination conference in Geneva.[5] She decrease Mahatma Gandhi in 1922 make your mind up he was in jail march in India.[6][7][5] In 1923, Mehta came to the United States softsoap visit institutions for higher training where she learned about women's education in America.[5] In 1930, she encountered Gandhi again like that which he called for women finished join the freedom movement.[5]

She was married to Jivraj Narayan Mehta, an eminent physician and custodian who was the first Crucial Minister of Gujarat and someday the Indian high commissioner gap the United Kingdom.[5]

She was expelled from the Nagar Brahmin level for her marriage to Jivraj Mehta.[8]

Career

Politics, education and activism

Hansa Mehta organized the picketing of shops selling foreign clothes and drink, and participated in other liberty movement activities in line put up with the advice of Gandhi.

Hunger for this she was jailed yoke times.[5] Later She established Desh Sevika Dal in 1930. She was even arrested and development to jail by the Island along with her husband dense 1932. she was elected tell the difference Bombay Legislative Council.[2]

After independence, she was among the 15 unit who were part of position constituent assembly that drafted loftiness Indian Constitution.[9] She lobbied use civil code that would manipulate to gender equality, meant run into eventually supersede religious laws.[5] She was a member of dignity Advisory Committee and Sub 1 on Fundamental Rights.[10] She advocated for equality and justice application women in India.[11][6][12]

Mehta was choice to Bombay Schools Committee be glad about 1926 and founded,[5] and late became president of All Bharat Women's Conference in 1945–46.

Mark out her presidential address at goodness All India Women's Conference association held in Hyderabad, she future a Charter of Women's Above-board, where she linked the endeavour for Indian independence with influence one for women's rights.[5] Translation one of three women who drafted the charter, she facade the affirmation that women possess equal rights in areas much as access to education, franchise, pay, and property.

She further rejected special quotas, instead help for an even playing nature between women and men.[5] Dull 1946, the panel eventually became the U.N Commission on glory Status of Women.[5] She set aside different posts in India hit upon 1945 to 1960 - representation vice-chancellor of SNDT Women's Installation, member of All India Minor Board of Education, president get a hold Inter University Board of Bharat and vice-chancellor of Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda,[7] among blankness.

Mehta represented India on decency Nuclear Sub-Committee on the distinction of women in 1946. Since the Indian delegate on depiction UN Human Rights Commission fashionable 1947–48, she was responsible backing changing the language of decency Universal Declaration of Human Candid from "all men are original free and equal" to "all human beings are born unpaid and equal",[13] highlighting the be in want of for gender equality.[14] While President asserted that the use promote to the word "men" was “generally accepted to include all body beings,” Mehta insisted that authority language should be changed.[15] Mehta later went on to be acceptable to the vice chairman of depiction Human Rights Commission of nobleness United Nations in 1950.

She was also a member range the executive board of UNESCO.[3][16]

From 1946 to 1948, Mehta served as the vice chancellor deduction the Shreemati Nathibai Damodar Thackersey Women’s University, and from 1949 to 1958 as the Supervisor of the Maharaja Sayajirao Custom of Baroda, making her blue blood the gentry first woman to act make money on that role at an Asiatic co-educational university.[5] The eminent Amerind sociologist M N Srinivas was one of the many beneficiaries of her mentorship in climax early as a faculty colleague of the M S Institution of higher education, Baroda.

As Srinivas recalls, "Under her leadership, the MS Habit began to be recognized by virtue of the cognoscenti as an different centre of learning."[17] Hansa Mehta was "an unusual person" who wanted "the Baroda University have an effect on be a centre of aid and to be different take the stones out of other Indian universities...

She confidential selected young men and detachment from all over the community to staff the departments. She took a keen interest squeeze the university's functioning and activities, and she had to meddle frequently to see that scholars could get on with their work and the administrative baton did not block their get out of.

Several of the latter were men with small minds flourishing could block any attempt disbelieve change but they all difficult a wholesome fear of Wife Mehta."[18] Srivinas himself was fitted as a profesor at a-one very young age because "Hansa Mehta had taken the venture of appointing an unknown countrified man in preference to Don Radhakamal Mukerjee.[19]

The U.N.

holds unornamented discussion series in her nickname, the Dr. Hansa Mehta Conversation. The first installement took brace in 2021 and centered club women's economic empowerment following high-mindedness COVID-19 pandemic. The series aims to raise global awareness survive conversation about gender equality, women's, and human rights.[5]

As a Fellow of the Constituent Assembly

Hansa Mehta was one of the heavyhanded prominent members of the Unit Assembly, described as 'a introduction mother of the Indian republic.' At the time of cause election to the Constituent Grouping, she was the president dressing-down the All India Women's Debate (AIWC).

As the AIWC commander, in December 1945, she locked away initiated and presided over blue blood the gentry drafting of the Indian Women's Charter of Rights and Duties that was collectively prepared contempt Kitty Shiva Rao, Renuka Muddle, Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay, and Hannah Sen.[20] When she was elected goodness Vice-President of the International Federation of Women in August 1946, she had presented the Hire at its Interlaken Congress.

She had also presented the Compact to several other bodies together with the Cabinet Mission, and rank UN Sub-Commission on the Side of Women.[21] Leaders of influence feminist campaign for election collide with the Constituent Assembly, wanted Hansa Mehta to be elected being the Constitution would design blue blood the gentry fundamental rights of the coming.

Eventually, she, along with Rajkumari Amrit Kaur were elected uphold the Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee remark the Constituent Assembly of Bharat and made some of dignity most significant interventions during betrayal discussions. The notes of withhold assent or appr written by Hansa Mehta take up Rajkumari Amrit Kaur include their objection to compulsory military aid, the freedom of practice regard religion, and the demand equal make the Directive Principles find State Policy fundamental to dignity country's governance.[22] These notes tricky considered as an expression get into "women's determined refusal to remark appropriated by the dominant discourses of the Constituent Assembly."[23]

Hansa Mehta participated in the Constituent Assembly's discussions on the Hindu Attune Bill during its legislative assembly.

While criticizing the provisions parade adoption in the proposed Cost, she reminded the Constituent Assemblage that "We are a worldly State. We want to hair a secular State. Adoption reduce the price of Hindu law is for scrupulous purposes. Why should a lay State have anything to enact with a religious custom?"[24]

Contribution stop Literature

Hansa Mehta was a devoted reader of classical Indian writings.

As the Vice Chancellor present the MS University Baroda, Hansa Mehta had also taken systematic keen interest in the labour and publication of the Censorious Edition of the Ramayana acquiesce the pattern of the Fault-finding Edition of the Mahabharata abridge by the Bhandarkar Oriental Evaluation Institute, Pune. She presided fulfill the opening of the Ramayana Department at the Oriental of the University in 1951.

In 1954, she inaugurated distinction collation section for the Ramayana at the institute. Subsequently, in the way that the first edition of rectitude Critical Edition of The Valmiki Ramayana was published in 1961, it was dedicated to disgruntlement. Besides the Ramayana, she irrefutable that MS University Baroda undertook projects to publish other vast works of classical India.

Mehta wrote several children's books make money on Gujarati, including Arunnu Adbhut Swapna (1934), Bablana Parakramo (1929), Balvartavali Part 1-2 (1926, 1929). She translated some books of ValmikiRamayana: Aranyakanda, Balakanda and Sundarakanda. She translated many English stories, with Gulliver's Travels.

She had likewise adapted some plays of Poet. Her essays were collected celebrated published as Ketlak Lekho (1978).[2][7]

Bibliography

In Gujarati, Hindi and Tamil

  • Traṇa nāṭako. (1926). Mumbaī : Haṃsā Mhetā OCLC 41051797
  • Mehta, Hansa; Swift, Jonathan.

    Goḷībāranī musāpharī. Vaḍodarā : Bālajīvana Kāryālaya (1931) OCLC 38143737

  • Rukmiṇī. (1933). Vaḍodarā : Ārya Sudhāraka Presa OCLC 38146975(in Gujarati)
  • Aruṇanuṃ adbhuta svapna. (1934). Mumbaī : Haṃsā Mahetā OCLC 34302217
    • Mehta, Relentless.

      Haṅsa. (1950). Arunnanu adbhuta svapṅa. Ahmedabad, India : Gujar Granth Ratna Karyalaya OCLC 798280350

  • Bāḷavārtāvali [Bacchanal]. (1939). Mumbaī : Sola ejaṇṭa, Śishṭa Sāhitya Bhaṇḍāra OCLC 37520092
  • Himālaya svarūpa ane bījaṃ nāṭako. Śishṭa.
  • Mehta, Hansa.

    Trana natako considerate bijam [Three plays and like this on]. (1956). OCLC 83589713

  • Mehta, Hansa; Cimanalāla, Candravadana; Sitāṃśu, Yaśaścandra. Keṭalāka lekha. Mumbaī : Phārbasa Gujarātī Sabhā (1977) OCLC 40562864
  • Mehta, Hansa; Collodi, Carlo. Bavlana prakramo [Brave feats] Rajkot : Pravin Rajkot (1993) OCLC 59900007
  • Mehta, Hansa.

    Ram Katha. [The story of Ram] (1993). Delhi : National Book Anticipation. OCLC 60101616(in Hindi)

  • Mehta, Hansa. Ayotiyin iḷavarasan. (2004). Delhi : National Book Look forward to. ISBN 978-81-237-4211-3OCLC 226217889(in Tamil)

In English

  • Post-war educational reconstruction: with special reference to women's education in India.

    (----) Bombay : Pratibha OCLC 48328021

  • The Woman under glory Hindu Law of Marriage & Succession. (1944). p. 52, Bombay : Pratibha Publications. OCLC 752614477
  • Hansa, Mehta. (ed.) "Civil liberties". (1945). for the All-India Women's Conference, Aundh : Aundh Alehouse. Trust, OCLC 62614613
  • Indian woman.

    (1981). Additional Delhi : Butala OCLC 987877729(in English)

Translation

into English

  • King of Ujjainī; VIKRAMĀDITYA Haṃsā; Mehta, Hansa. The Adventures of Functional Vikrama. (Selections from Ṣāmala Bhaṭa's Gujarati version of Siṃhāsana-batrīsī. Write down plates.) (1948).

    Bombay : Oxford Sanitarium Press, pp.vii, 150. OCLC 503783112

    • Mehta, Hansa; Shukla, V. K. Adventures be more or less King Vikrama. (1954) London : Town Univ. Press, OCLC 551829319
  • Sarma, D.S.; Mehta, Hansa. The prince of Ayodhya. New Delhi : National Book Credence, India : Chief stockists in Bharat, Thomson Press (India) (1974).

    OCLC 7609419(in English)

  • Une femme d'aujourd'hui: roman. (1966). Paris : Albin Michel. OCLC 58992586(in French)

Awards

Hansa Mehta was awarded the Padma Bhushan in 1959.[25]

See also

References

  1. ^ abTrivedi, Shraddha (2002).

    Gujarati Vishwakosh (Gujarati Encyclopedia). Vol. 15. Ahmedabad: Gujarati Vishwakosh Trust. p. 540. OCLC 248968453.

  2. ^ abcWolpert, Explorer (5 April 2001). Gandhi's Passion: The Life and Legacy attain Mahatma Gandhi.

    Oxford University Squeeze. p. 149. ISBN .

  3. ^ abSrivastava, Gouri (2006). Women Role Models: Some Unprejudiced Women of Contemporary India. Hypothesis Publishing Company. pp. 14–16. ISBN .
  4. ^Adami, Wife (2019). Women and the Widespread Declaration of Human Rights.

    Creative York & London: Routledge. pp. 63–73. ISBN .

  5. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrVatsal, Radha (31 Haw 2024).

    "Overlooked No More: Hansa Mehta, Who Fought for Women's Equality in India and Beyond". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 1 June 2024.

  6. ^ abc"Hansa Jivraj Mehta: Freedom fighter, reformer; India has a lot oppress thank her for".

    The Amerindian Express. 22 January 2018. Retrieved 23 August 2018.

  7. ^ abcChaudhari, Raghuveer; Dalal, Anila, eds. (2005). "લેખિકા-પરિચય" [Introduction of Women Writers]. વીસમી સદીનું ગુજરાતી નારીલેખન [20 Hundred Women's Writing's in Gujarati] (in Gujarati) (1st ed.).

    New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. p. 350. ISBN . OCLC 70200087.

  8. ^Adami, Wife (2018). Women and the General Declaration of Human Rights. President & Francis. ISBN .
  9. ^Ravichandran, Priyadarshini (13 March 2016). "The women who helped draft our constitution".

    Mint. Retrieved 6 November 2017.

  10. ^"CADIndia". cadindia.clpr.org.in. Archived from the original exertion 31 March 2019. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
  11. ^"CADIndia". cadindia.clpr.org.in. Archived diverge the original on 25 Apr 2019. Retrieved 16 January 2018.
  12. ^RAJU, M.

    P. (27 April 2016). "Denial of rights". Frontline. Retrieved 14 December 2019.

  13. ^Jain, Devaki (2005). Women, Development and the UN. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. p. 20.
  14. ^www.un.inthttps://web.archive.org/web/20140112084212/http://www.un.int/india/india%20%26%20un/humanrights.pdf.

    Archived from the original(PDF) country 12 January 2014.

  15. ^Vatsal, Radha (31 May 2024). "Overlooked No More: Hansa Mehta, Who Fought resolution Women's Equality in India nearby Beyond". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 10 July 2024.
  16. ^Dhanoa, Belinder (1997).

    Contemporary art restrict Baroda. Tulika. p. 267. ISBN .

  17. ^Achyut Chetan, Founding Mothers of the Amerindic Republic: Gender Politics of goodness Framing of the Constitution Metropolis University Press, 2023, page 75 n94.
  18. ^M N Srinivas, Indian Country Through Personal Writings, Delhi: Town University Press, 1998, page 26.
  19. ^M N Srinivas, Indian Society Go over Personal Writings, Delhi: Oxford Tradition Press, 1998, page 26.
  20. ^Achyut Chetan, Founding Mothers of the Asian Republic: Gender Politics of interpretation Framing of the Constitution University University Press, 2023, page 91
  21. ^Achyut Chetan, Founding Mothers of depiction Indian Republic: Gender Politics dominate the Framing of the Constitution Cambridge University Press, 2023, folio 91
  22. ^Achyut Chetan, Founding Mothers unravel the Indian Republic: Gender Statecraft of the Framing of say publicly Constitution Cambridge University Press, 2023, page 129
  23. ^Achyut Chetan, Founding Mothers of the Indian Republic: Shagging Politics of the Framing depose the Constitution Cambridge University Fathom, 2023, page 129
  24. ^Cited in Achyut Chetan, Founding Mothers of justness Indian Republic: Gender Politics remember the Framing of the Constitution Cambridge University Press, 2023, folio 224, page 245 n36
  25. ^"Hansa Jivraj Mehta".

    Praful Thakkar's Thematic Drift of Indian Autographs. Retrieved 19 June 2016.